BACHELOR OF SCIENCE HONOURS PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY (HPHC)
| Module Code | Module Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| HPHC101 | Physical Chemistry 1 | This module is an entry level module for university physical chemistry. Both kinetics and thermodynamics are the main elements constituting the bulk of physical chemistry, and this module gives an introduction to both components of the subject. |
| HPHC102 | Inorganic Chemistry | Inorganic Chemistry touches on atomic theory, elements of bonding. It also focuses on the study of the Periodic Table itself and the general trends in periodic and group properties of the elements. The introductory elements of coordination chemistry are also covered in this module. |
| HPHC103 | Organic Chemistry 1 | Organic Chemistry 1 is a sub discipline involving the study of carbon compounds, their structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparations. Due to catenation these compounds are far more numerous than those of other elements. The module consists of 3 sections: Introduction to Stereochemistry which will cover various types of isomerism, projection formulae to R/S configuration; Systematic Aliphatic Chemistry; and basic Benzene Chemistry. |
| HPHC104 | Analytical Chemistry | The module covers fundamentals concepts of solution chemistry, chemical composition of solutions, acid base equilibrium, solubility and solubility equilibria, redox stoichiometry, gravimetric methods of analysis and elementary treatment of data. The module also covers some introduction to practical aspects of chemical analysis. |
| HPHC115 | Physical Pharmaceutics and Dosage Forms |
This module is an introduction that comprises |
| HPHC106 | Introduction to Pharmacognosy | The module comprises natural products with usage as drugs and other bioactive molecules from nature, their origin, identification, development, production, control and usage. Further, photosynthesis, biosynthesis, chemical structure and classification and the extraction and isolation of natural products are treated. The importance of natural products as drugs and drug precursors internationally and industrially is addressed. |
| HPHC107 | Pharmaceutical Biochemistry | The module provides thorough knowledge and understanding of the molecules of life - nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids - and their building blocks, including their structure and composition, and synthesis and degradation, as well as about energy metabolism in the human body. The module also provides knowledge and understanding on the composition and function of biological membranes, and puts special emphasis on pharmaceutically relevant elements within biochemistry, employing pharmacy-related examples. Nucleic acid biochemistry: Replication, transcription, translation, gene regulation. Human intermediary metabolism: Digestion and absorption of nutrients, energy metabolism of cells, including oxidative phosphorylation, metabolism and biosynthesis of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins and regulation and pathological changes of these processes, integration and hormonal regulation of the intermediary metabolism, biochemical functions of vitamins, signal substances. The laboratory exercises include enzyme kinetics and analytical methods used in clinical chemistry. |
| HPHC108 | Physiology for Pharmacy | This module is designed to provide the students with knowledge about disease & dysfunction from physiological perspective, with emphasis on integrating knowledge of tissues & organ systems into a holistic framework of body function and dysfunction. It will provide the student with a strong theoretical perspective on the mechanisms of normal and altered functioning of human cells, organs and organ systems. Using a comprehensive study guide with reference to additional readings, course content is presented in a way that fosters a critical and conceptual foundation emphasizing the integration of organ systems and their function within the body. Particular emphasis is placed on the widespread effects upon other systems following dysfunction of a particular organ or system of the human body and the ability to discuss specific disorders in relation to general concepts of dysfunction. |
| HPHC201 | Physical Chemistry 2 | The module consists of 2 two physical chemistry sections – Quantum Chemistry and Chemical Thermodynamics. Quantum Chemistry covers wave mechanics, structure and computational chemistry. Chemical Thermodynamics focuses on phase equilibria and properties of simple mixtures in solution. |
| HPHC202 | Bioinorganic and Organometallic Chemistry | Bioinorganic and Organometallic Chemistry emphasizes the role played by metals in biological systems and some organic compounds. Most metals in living organisms are found at the active sites of the proteins. Organometallic compounds, such as metal organic frameworks, can now be applied to perform specialized tasks in industry. Organometallic chemistry includes topics such as the effective atomic number rule, metal-carbon complexes and catalysis. Bioinorganic chemistry covers metalloproteins, inorganic medicines and biological processes that involve metals. |
| HPHC203 | Organic Chemistry 2 | Organic Chemistry 2 seeks to equip the student with further techniques that are required in synthesis and characterization of organic compounds. The module covers advanced stereochemistry and alicyclic chemistry, rearrangement reactions and further aromatic chemistry. Here, stereoisomerism encompasses that of biphenyls, other aromatic and spiro compounds. Alicyclic chemistry involves conformational analysis of cyclohexane and its derivatives. Further aromatic chemistry incorporates aromaticity and criteria for aromaticity. Case studies of selected aromatic and non-aromatic compounds (carbocyclic and heterocyclic systems). Systematic chemistry of naphthalene, phenanthrene and anthracene. |
| HPHC204 | Instrumental Methods of Analysis | This module will introduce students to chemical instruments used in Analytical Chemistry, based on atomic spectroscopy and molecular spectroscopy. Methods covered in this module include flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, flame emission spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible, infrared and fluorescence spectrophotometry and X-ray spectrometry. The module also covers separation techniques, with emphasis of theory, classification, principles and methods in gas and liquid chromatography. The other part of the module deals with polarimetry, refratometry and electrochemical methods. |
| HPHC205 | Introduction to Molecular Modelling | Molecular Modelling involves use of computational chemistry software to study structure and behaviour of compounds. This module is critical in the design or discovery of drugs. Important sections that make up the module include, software packages, virtual screening, pharmacophore modelling and molecular docking. |
| HPHC206 | Organic Synthesis 1 | Organic synthesis is a branch of organic chemistry that involves formation of desired compounds. This section covers synthesis design, important reagents and reactions and use of synthons in retrosynthesis. The module focuses on synthetic tools and their applications to synthesizing simple organic molecules. |
| HPHC217 | Drug Delivery and Biopharmaceutics |
Drug Delivery incorporates drug delivery methods and formulations. Included are Processing prior to tableting, Composition of standard formulations, Compression, Tablet coating, Controlled release and novel dosage forms, Properties of micro-emulsions, Radiopharmaceuticals and Packaging material. Biopharmaceutics deals with the study of physical and chemical properties of medicines and the biological effects they produce. Components that constitute this module are Routes of drug administration, Drug absorption, Oral administration, non-enteral administration, Topical preparations, Ocular and administration, Rectal and vaginal administration, Administration via the lungs, Physicochemical factors, Properties of dosage forms, Effects of other drugs or substances and Assessment of drug release from dosage forms. |
| HPHC208 | Clinical Biochemistry | Also known as Chemical Pathology, Clinical Biochemistry is the molecular biology of diseases and disorders. The module covers the following topics: Lactose tolerance, Ligand binding of drugs, Diabetes, Poisons of the respiratory chain, Amino acidopathies, Lipoprotein profiles, Lipidoses, Treatment of inflammation, Inhibitors of drug metabolism, Drug metabolism polymorphisms, Inhibitors of viral replication, Action of steroids on protein biosynthesis, Inhibitors of protein biosynthesis, Biotechnology in pharmaceutics and diagnostics, Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, Membrane glycoproteins and disease, Prions, Antimetabolites in disease treatment, Phorbol esters action on 1 P3 pathway, Diet and disease. |
| HPHC301 | Cheminformatics | Cheminformatics is a field of science where computational methods like machine learning are applied to solve various problems in chemistry. This module facilitates students understanding of the use of High-Performance Computing and molecular simulations as well as understanding data types. With the increase of computational power, machine learning has found many applications in different fields of science. One of them is chemistry, where scientists apply machine learning models to predict various molecule’s properties such as its solubility and toxicity or use it for drug discovery. In this module, emphasis will be placed on practical applications of computational chemistry. |
| HPHC302 | Drug Stability and Metabolism | This module focuses on stability of medicines, incorporating ageing, oxidation, hydrolysis, degradation mechanisms, and prevention of deterioration. It also deals with metabolism of drugs by proteins and that includes cytochromes, P450, metabolic pathways, conjugation reactions, enzyme induction and inhibition. Computer modelling methods will also be considered. |
| HPHC303 | Organic Spectroscopy 1 | Organic spectroscopy encompasses functional group identification and structural elucidation of organic compounds by use of instruments. The topics falling under this section are ultra-violet, infrared, proton-nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy includes proton, Carbon -13, 2-D and 3-D. |
| HPHC304 | Natural Product Chemistry | This module is practical-based and involves Screening for natural product activity, Isolation of active compounds and Purification of target molecules. Methods used incorporate both traditional and modern ways. |
| HPHC315 | Internship/Innovation Project | The Internship Innovation Project module will allow students to undertake an internship innovation project with a partner organization or research group within the university. Interns will work with their academic supervisor(s) to co-design an innovation project with their partner organization to work on the organization’s innovation activities, helping them improve their products, processes, or services. Innovation projects are expected to lead to change and improvements or increased efficiencies in business models, products, processes, or service delivery for the partner organization, research group and/or community. |
| HPHC401 | Organic Synthesis 2 | This is a practical-based module in which examples, case studies and total synthesis of complex organic molecules (including naturally-occurring compounds), are considered. |
| HPHC402 | Organic Chemistry 3 | Organic Chemistry 3 comprises three sections: chemistry of biomolecules, heterocyclic chemistry and bioorganic chemistry. The section on chemistry of biomolecules covers carbohydrate chemistry, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and vitamins. Heterocyclic chemistry includes nomenclature, classification of heterocyclic compounds, together with reactions and mechanisms of pyrole, furan, thiophen, pyridine, indole, quinoline. Bioorganic chemistry deals with reaction mechanisms in biological systems, examples of which are enzyme action and structure-activity relationships. |
| HPHC403 | Organic Spectroscopy 2 | This is a practical-based module in which examples, case studies and structural elucidation of sophisticated organic compounds are considered. |
| HPHC404 | Industrial Pharmacognosy | This module deals with processing of natural medicinal products into conventional pharmaceutical dosage forms. Sections include Formulation development, Extraction, characterization and isolation of active ingredients. |
| HPHC405 | Pharmaceutical Biotechnology | This module deals with processing of natural medicinal products into conventional pharmaceutical dosage forms. Sections include Formulation development, Extraction, characterization and isolation of active ingredients. |
| HPHC405 | Pharmaceutical Biotechnology | Pharmaceutical Biotechnology involves methods of developing, manufacture, assembly and distribution of medicinal products. Critical elements of the module incorporate Cosmetology and perfumery, Drug development workshop and Production facilities. |
| HPHC406 | GLP in Pharmaceutical Industry |
Good Laboratory Practice in the Pharmaceutical Industry deals with management standards that must be followed during drug development. Important elements include Project design, Site selection and process flow, Architectural considerations, Clean rooms, Tablet production systems, Packaging systems and Validation. The Microbiology section of this module will cover the main types and sources of micro-organisms and the issues associated with them in relation to both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical production. Specific sessions will cover water systems, clean room design and operation, the concept of sterilisation and sterility assurance. |
| HPHC470 | Dissertation | This is a double module that involves a research proposal, experimental work, and dissertation. The student is required to make oral presentations on the above-mentioned stages. |